SOCIOLOGY THE STUDY OF HUMAN RELATIONSHIPS

CHAPTER 2

Cultural Diversity & Conformity

Section 1: The Meaning of Culture

Objectives:

1.       Define the meaning of the term culture and explain how material culture and non-material culture differ.

2.       Identify and describe the basic components of culture.

Culture

·         Culture –

·         Material Culture –

·         Nonmaterial Culture –

Basic Components of Culture

·         Technology –

·         Symbols –

·         Language –

·         Values –

·         Norms –

Section 2: Cultural Variation

Objectives:

1.       Describe cultural universals and explain why they exist.

2.       Explain what the terms ethnocentrism and cultural relativism mean.

3.       Identify factors that account for variations among and within cultures.

Cultural Universals

·         Cultural universals –

·         Exist because some needs…

Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism

·         Ethnocentrism –

·         Cultural Relativism –

Factors That Account for Variations Among and Within Cultures

·         Subculture –

·         Counterculture –

Cultural Change:

w  Cultural diffusion—

w  Cultural lag—

w  Cultural leveling—

Section 3: The American Value System

Objectives:

1.       Describe the traditional American Values.

2.       Determine how our values have changed since the 1970s.

The American Value System

w  Traditional American Values:

1.        

2.        

3.        

4.        

5.        

6.        

7.        

8.        

w  Changing American Values:

1.       Self-Fulfillment—

2.       Narcissism—

3.       Others—