American Government

Chp. 5—Role and Powers of Congress

 

Section 1: Congress

Section 2: Powers of Congress

Section 3: The House of Representatives

Section 4: The Senate

Section 5: Congress at Work

Section 1:
Role of Congress

Objectives:

1.       How does Congress represent the people?

2.       Why is the structure of Congress so important?

3.       What is the role of Congress in the system of checks & balances?

How does Congress represent the people in their duties:

 Typical profile of a U.S. congressmember:

Has at least a …

Above average …

Structure of Congress:

Congressional Power with the system of Checks & Balances:

Purpose of congressional investigations:

Section 2:
Powers of Congress

Objectives:

  1. What powers does Congress have?
  2. What are its expressed powers?
  3. What are its implied powers?
  4. What are its non-legislative powers?
  5. What are some of the limits on the powers of Congress?
  6. How has the power of Congress changed during US History? 

Defining the Powers of Congress:

  1. Loose Construction =
  2. Strict Construction =
  1. Cannot suspend the writ of habeas corpus—
  2. Cannot pass a bill of attainder—
  3. Cannot pass ex post facto laws—

Section 3:
The House of Representatives

Objectives:

  1. What are the key features of the House of Representatives and its membership?

  2. What are some of the challenges that reapportionment and redistricting raise?

  3. How is the leadership of the House organized?

  4. What is the role of committees in the operation of the House?

Membership in the House:

l  Designed to be …

l  Expulsion requires …

l  Election & Re-election …

Reapportionment and Redistricting:

l  Districts drawn …

l  Population changes lead to …

l  Redistricting …

Issues with Gerrymandering:

l  Redistricting is done …

l  Gerrymandering—

l  Supreme Court cases …

o   Wesberry v. Sanders (1964)—

o   In a series of cases, the …

o   Davis v. Bandemer (1986)—

House Leadership:

l  Speaker of the House—

l  Majority and minority floor leaders—

l  Majority and minority whips—

l  Party Caucus—

House Rules:  Give more guidelines …

Section 4:
The Senate

Objectives:

l  What are the key features of the Senate and its membership?

l  How is the leadership of the Senate organized?

l  What are some of the distinctive rules and traditions of the Senate?

 

Election of Senators:

l  Constitution gave …

o   Part of the …

o   Proved to be …

l  Reformers changed it …

 

Traditionally more Prestigious:

l  Tend to be…

l  Fewer …

l  Slower paced debate—

l  More involved in …

 

Senate Leadership:

l  US Vice President—

l  Majority & minority floor leaders—

l  Majority & minority whips—

l  Party Caucus—

 

Senate Rules:

l  No limits on …

l  President pro tempore—

l  Seniority System

Section 5:
Congress at Work

Objectives:

  1. How are bills introduced in Congress?

  2. What happens to a bill in committee?

  3. What happens to a bill on the floor?

  4. What is a conference committee?

  5. What actions can a President take on a bill?

  6. What are some special issues faced by Congress?

 

Introducing a Bill:

l  Bills can originate …

l  Any bill that …

l  May contain a rider—

How bills are referred to a committee:

l  Referred by the …

l  Determined by …

l  Bills can be …

 

Types of Committees:

l  Committees exist to …

l  Standing Committees—

l  Select Committees—

l  Joint Committees—

l  Conference Committee—

 

Committee Organization:

l  Chair—head of …

l  Membership—

Purpose of committee hearings and markup sessions:

l  Committee hearings …

l  Markup sessions allow …

 

The course a bill takes when it reaches the full House or Senate floor:

l  Debated—

l  Amended—

l  Vote—

 

Courses of action the president can take on a bill passed by Congress:

l  Sign—

l  Veto—

l  No action:

 

Special issues faced by Congress:

l  Interest groups

o   Provide …

o   Organize support …

o   Campaign …

o   Endorsing …

l  “Earmarks” & “Pork-barrel Projects” increase spending

l  Party Politics can cause division & make government less effective

o   Party-line voting …

1.       Favors politics …

2.       Favors politics …

o   Gridlock—

l  Negative view of Congress by most Americans

o   Scandals & Corruption

1.       Erode the …

2.       Rare occurrence—

o   Political ideology

1.       Political parties …

2.       Majority of …

o   Grandstanding & Hype

1.       Get involved in ...

2.       Fail to follow …